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Finland, a land of lakes and forests, is one of the most northerly countries in the world. One-third of the country lies above the Arctic Circle. Because of this, Finland's weather can be extreme, especially in winter when all of its waterways turn to ice. From the 12th century until 1809 this cold country was part of Sweden. Then in 1809 it became a duchy of Russia. Finally on December 6, 1917, the Finns declared their independence. Today Finalnd is a prosperous industrial country that tries to maintain neutrality in any international conflicts. Probably the best-educated country in Europe, Finland conscientiously protects its natural resouces. its cold beauty with its forests and lakes is preserved in over 30 national parks. Ages 9-12
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